In-depth understanding of the types, advantages and disadvantages of cooling towers

The cooling tower has a great role and is an indispensable equipment in many large factories, shopping malls, and thermal power plants. It is to exchange the cooling water carrying waste heat with the air inside the tower body, so that the waste heat is transmitted to the air and dispersed into the atmosphere. This article takes you in-depth understanding of the types, advantages and disadvantages of cooling towers.

Natural ventilation cooling tower: the hot air with lower density flows out from the top of the cooling tower; the cold air with higher density enters the cooling tower to fill from the bottom of the tower; no fan is needed; the concrete tower is <200 m; it is used for cooling with large heat.

Mechanical ventilation cooling tower: high-power fan forced heat exchange between air and circulating water; the water film on the surface of the filler can maximize the heat exchange with air; there are many determinants of cooling efficiency; multiple cooling capacity options; more cooling Towers work at the same time, for example, 8 towers joint control. The air is blown into the vent by the centrifugal fan; advantages: suitable for towers with large airflow resistance; the noise of the centrifugal fan is relatively small. Among them, the cooling water of the countercurrent cooling tower is sprayed on the packing and flows down into the cooling water tank. Air is blown in from the bottom forcibly, and part of the cooling water in contact with water in the filler evaporates, thereby reducing the water temperature.

Induction ventilation cooling tower: cross-flow induction ventilation cooling tower, counter-flow induction ventilation cooling tower. Advantages: The return flow is lower than the forced ventilation cooling tower; the fan operating cost is less than the forced ventilation cooling tower. Disadvantages: The mechanical transmission of the fan and motor requires a waterproof design. 1) Hot water enters the cooling tower from the top; 2) Air is forcedly induced by the fan and enters the cooling tower from the bottom; a forced induction fan is used.

Cooling water enters from the top and flows through the packing layer; air enters from one or both sides, and the fan is induced to flow the air laterally through the packing layer. Due to the natural hot water distribution system of this type of cooling tower, the advantages are low pump head; low initial investment of the pump; low annual energy consumption and cost of operation; large changes in flow rate will not cause adverse effects on the water distribution system influences. The disadvantage is that the low pressure head will cause the nozzle to be easily clogged and the cooling water will not be well dispersed into a fine water mist when it is sprayed; the hot water tank is directly exposed to the air will cause the growth of algae; the area is large.

Because of the pressurized water distribution spray device in this type of cooling tower, the advantage is that by increasing the height of the tower to obtain a longer heat exchange process and a smaller cooling amplitude; because the pressure spray device can spray smaller water droplets, Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency is higher. Disadvantages are increased system pump heads; increased energy requirements and increased operating costs; cooling water sprinklers are not easy to maintain and clean; water distribution systems and related piping are required, so initial investment increases.